creates a hierarchical structure of phrases - using Context-Free Grammars designed by linguists.
- The terminal symbols become the parts of speech tags
 - phrases become the non-terminal symbols
 - types of phrases
- NP: noun phrase
 - VP: verb phrase
 - PP: prepositional phrase
 - AdjP: adjectival phrase
 - AdvP: adverbial phrase
 
 - start symbol - S (sentence)
 - some preset production rules
- example production rules

 
 - example production rules
 
Bottom - up analysis
- label POS tags
 - project the phrases (NP, VP, AdjP, AdvP, PP) for each noun/pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb and preposition.
 - connect the phrases until root S is reached
 
e.g. 1

e.g. 2
